[ noun ] an amino acid found in most proteins; a precursor of several hormones <noun.substance>
Tyrosin \Tyr"o*sin\, n. [Gr. ? cheese.] (Physiol. Chem.) A white crystalline nitrogenous substance present in small amount in the pancreas and spleen, and formed in large quantity from the decomposition of proteid matter by various means, -- as by pancreatic digestion, by putrefaction as of cheese, by the action of boiling acids, etc. Chemically, it consists of oxyphenol and amidopropionic acid, and by decomposition yields oxybenzoic acid, or some other benzol derivative. [Written also {tyrosine}.]
The researchers took skin cells from rats and inserted genes to produce an enzyme called tyrosine hydroxylase, which serves as a catalyst to make the cell produce L-dopa.