牛至

[ noun ]
aromatic Eurasian perennial
<noun.plant>

Origan \Or"i*gan\, Origanum \O*rig"a*num\, prop. n. [L.
origanum, Gr. ?, ?, prob. fr. 'o`ros, mountain + ?
brightness, beauty. Cf. {Organy}.] (Bot.)
A genus of aromatic labiate plants, including the sweet
marjoram ({Origanum Marjorana}) and the wild marjoram
({Origanum vulgare}). --Spenser.


Marjoram \Mar"jo*ram\ (m[aum]r"j[-o]*ram), n. [OE. majoran, F.
marjolaine, LL. marjoraca, fr. L. amaracus, amaracum, Gr.
'ama`rakos, 'ama`rakon.] (Bot.)
A genus of mintlike plants ({Origanum}) comprising about
twenty-five species. The sweet marjoram ({Origanum Majorana})
is pecularly aromatic and fragrant, and much used in cookery.
The wild marjoram of Europe and America is {Origanum
vulgare}, far less fragrant than the other.


Wild \Wild\, a. [Compar. {Wilder}; superl. {Wildest}.] [OE.
wilde, AS. wilde; akin to OFries. wilde, D. wild, OS. & OHG.
wildi, G. wild, Sw. & Dan. vild, Icel. villr wild,
bewildered, astray, Goth. wilpeis wild, and G. & OHG. wild
game, deer; of uncertain origin.]
1. Living in a state of nature; inhabiting natural haunts, as
the forest or open field; not familiar with, or not easily
approached by, man; not tamed or domesticated; as, a wild
boar; a wild ox; a wild cat.

Winter's not gone yet, if the wild geese fly that
way. --Shak.

2. Growing or produced without culture; growing or prepared
without the aid and care of man; native; not cultivated;
brought forth by unassisted nature or by animals not
domesticated; as, wild parsnip, wild camomile, wild
strawberry, wild honey.

The woods and desert caves,
With wild thyme and gadding vine o'ergrown.
--Milton.

3. Desert; not inhabited or cultivated; as, wild land. ``To
trace the forests wild.'' --Shak.

4. Savage; uncivilized; not refined by culture; ferocious;
rude; as, wild natives of Africa or America.

5. Not submitted to restraint, training, or regulation;
turbulent; tempestuous; violent; ungoverned; licentious;
inordinate; disorderly; irregular; fanciful; imaginary;
visionary; crazy. ``Valor grown wild by pride.'' --Prior.
``A wild, speculative project.'' --Swift.

What are these
So withered and so wild in their attire ? --Shak.

With mountains, as with weapons, armed; which makes
Wild work in heaven. --Milton.

The wild winds howl. --Addison.

Search then the ruling passion, there, alone
The wild are constant, and the cunning known.
--Pope.

6. Exposed to the wind and sea; unsheltered; as, a wild
roadstead.

7. Indicating strong emotion, intense excitement, or
?ewilderment; as, a wild look.

8. (Naut.) Hard to steer; -- said of a vessel.

Note: Many plants are named by prefixing wild to the names of
other better known or cultivated plants to which they a
bear a real or fancied resemblance; as, wild allspice,
wild pink, etc. See the Phrases below.

{To run wild}, to go unrestrained or untamed; to live or
untamed; to live or grow without culture or training.

{To sow one's wild oats}. See under {Oat}.

{Wild allspice}. (Bot.), spicewood.

{Wild balsam apple} (Bot.), an American climbing
cucurbitaceous plant ({Echinocystis lobata}).

{Wild basil} (Bot.), a fragrant labiate herb ({Calamintha
Clinopodium}) common in Europe and America.

{Wild bean} (Bot.), a name of several leguminous plants,
mostly species of {Phaseolus} and {Apios}.

{Wild bee} (Zo["o]l.), any one of numerous species of
undomesticated social bees, especially the domestic bee
when it has escaped from domestication and built its nest
in a hollow tree or among rocks.

{Wild bergamot}. (Bot.) See under {Bergamot}.

{Wild boar} (Zo["o]l.), the European wild hog ({Sus scrofa}),
from which the common domesticated swine is descended.

{Wild brier} (Bot.), any uncultivated species of brier. See
{Brier}.

{Wild bugloss} (Bot.), an annual rough-leaved plant
({Lycopsis arvensis}) with small blue flowers.

{Wild camomile} (Bot.), one or more plants of the composite
genus {Matricaria}, much resembling camomile.

{Wild cat}. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) A European carnivore ({Felis catus}) somewhat
resembling the domestic cat, but larger stronger, and
having a short tail. It is destructive to the smaller
domestic animals, such as lambs, kids, poultry, and
the like.
(b) The common American lynx, or bay lynx.
(c) (Naut.) A wheel which can be adjusted so as to revolve
either with, or on, the shaft of a capstan. --Luce.

{Wild celery}. (Bot.) See {Tape grass}, under {Tape}.

{Wild cherry}. (Bot.)
(a) Any uncultivated tree which bears cherries. The wild
red cherry is {Prunus Pennsylvanica}. The wild black
cherry is {Prunus serotina}, the wood of which is much
used for cabinetwork, being of a light red color and a
compact texture.
(b) The fruit of various species of {Prunus}.

{Wild cinnamon}. See the Note under {Canella}.

{Wild comfrey} (Bot.), an American plant ({Cynoglossum
Virginicum}) of the Borage family. It has large bristly
leaves and small blue flowers.

{Wild cumin} (Bot.), an annual umbelliferous plant
({Lag[oe]cia cuminoides}) native in the countries about
the Mediterranean.

{Wild drake} (Zo["o]l.) the mallard.

{Wild elder} (Bot.), an American plant ({Aralia hispida}) of
the Ginseng family.

{Wild fowl} (Zo["o]l.) any wild bird, especially any of those
considered as game birds.

{Wild goose} (Zo["o]l.), any one of several species of
undomesticated geese, especially the Canada goose ({Branta
Canadensis}), the European bean goose, and the graylag.
See {Graylag}, and {Bean goose}, under {Bean}.

{Wild goose chase}, the pursuit of something unattainable, or
of something as unlikely to be caught as the wild goose.
--Shak.

{Wild honey}, honey made by wild bees, and deposited in
trees, rocks, the like.

{Wild hyacinth}. (Bot.) See {Hyacinth}, 1
(b) .

{Wild Irishman} (Bot.), a thorny bush ({Discaria Toumatou})
of the Buckthorn family, found in New Zealand, where the
natives use the spines in tattooing.

{Wild land}.
(a) Land not cultivated, or in a state that renders it
unfit for cultivation.
(b) Land which is not settled and cultivated.

{Wild licorice}. (Bot.) See under {Licorice}.

{Wild mammee} (Bot.), the oblong, yellowish, acid fruit of a
tropical American tree ({Rheedia lateriflora}); -- so
called in the West Indies.

{Wild marjoram} (Bot.), a labiate plant ({Origanum vulgare})
much like the sweet marjoram, but less aromatic.

{Wild oat}. (Bot.)
(a) A tall, oatlike kind of soft grass ({Arrhenatherum
avenaceum}).
(b) See {Wild oats}, under {Oat}.

{Wild pieplant} (Bot.), a species of dock ({Rumex
hymenosepalus}) found from Texas to California. Its acid,
juicy stems are used as a substitute for the garden
rhubarb.

{Wild pigeon}. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) The rock dove.
(b) The passenger pigeon.

{Wild pink} (Bot.), an American plant ({Silene
Pennsylvanica}) with pale, pinkish flowers; a kind of
catchfly.

{Wild plantain} (Bot.), an arborescent endogenous herb
({Heliconia Bihai}), much resembling the banana. Its
leaves and leaf sheaths are much used in the West Indies
as coverings for packages of merchandise.

{Wild plum}. (Bot.)
(a) Any kind of plum growing without cultivation.
(b) The South African prune. See under {Prune}.

{Wild rice}. (Bot.) See {Indian rice}, under {Rice}.

{Wild rosemary} (Bot.), the evergreen shrub {Andromeda
polifolia}. See {Marsh rosemary}, under {Rosemary}.

{Wild sage}. (Bot.) See {Sagebrush}.

{Wild sarsaparilla} (Bot.), a species of ginseng ({Aralia
nudicaulis}) bearing a single long-stalked leaf.

{Wild sensitive plant} (Bot.), either one of two annual
leguminous herbs ({Cassia Cham[ae]crista}, and {Cassia
nictitans}), in both of which the leaflets close quickly
when the plant is disturbed.

{Wild service}.(Bot.) See {Sorb}.

{Wild Spaniard} (Bot.), any one of several umbelliferous
plants of the genus {Aciphylla}, natives of New Zealand.
The leaves bear numerous bayonetlike spines, and the
plants form an impenetrable thicket.

{Wild turkey}. (Zo["o]l.) See 2d {Turkey}.