高山气候表

Mountain \Moun"tain\ (moun"t[i^]n), a.
1. Of or pertaining to a mountain or mountains; growing or
living on a mountain; found on or peculiar to mountains;
among mountains; as, a mountain torrent; mountain pines;
mountain goats; mountain air; mountain howitzer.

2. Like a mountain; mountainous; vast; very great.

The high, the mountain majesty of worth. --Byron.

{Mountain antelope} (Zo["o]l.), the goral.

{Mountain ash} (Bot.), an ornamental tree, the {Pyrus
Americana} (or {Sorbus Americana}), producing beautiful
bunches of red berries. Its leaves are pinnate, and its
flowers white, growing in fragrant clusters. The European
species is the {Pyrus aucuparia}, or rowan tree.

{Mountain barometer}, a portable barometer, adapted for safe
transportation, used in measuring the heights of
mountains.

{Mountain beaver} (Zo["o]l.), the sewellel.

{Mountain blue} (Min.), blue carbonate of copper; azurite.

{Mountain cat} (Zo["o]l.), the catamount. See {Catamount}.

{Mountain chain}, a series of contiguous mountain ranges,
generally in parallel or consecutive lines or curves.

{Mountain cock} (Zo["o]l.), capercailzie. See {Capercailzie}.


{Mountain cork} (Min.), a variety of asbestus, resembling
cork in its texture.

{Mountain crystal}. See under {Crystal}.

{Mountain damson} (Bot.), a large tree of the genus
{Simaruba} ({Simaruba amarga}) growing in the West Indies,
which affords a bitter tonic and astringent, sometimes
used in medicine.

{Mountain dew}, Scotch whisky, so called because often
illicitly distilled among the mountains. [Humorous]

{Mountain ebony} (Bot.), a small leguminous tree ({Bauhinia
variegata}) of the East and West Indies; -- so called
because of its dark wood. The bark is used medicinally and
in tanning.

{Mountain flax} (Min.), a variety of asbestus, having very
fine fibers; amianthus. See {Amianthus}.

{Mountain fringe} (Bot.), climbing fumitory. See under
{Fumitory}.

{Mountain goat}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Mazama}.

{Mountain green}. (Min.)
(a) Green malachite, or carbonate of copper.
(b) See {Green earth}, under {Green}, a.

{Mountain holly} (Bot.), a branching shrub ({Nemopanthes
Canadensis}), having smooth oblong leaves and red berries.
It is found in the Northern United States.

{Mountain laurel} (Bot.), an American shrub ({Kalmia
latifolia}) with glossy evergreen leaves and showy
clusters of rose-colored or white flowers. The foliage is
poisonous. Called also {American laurel}, {ivy bush}, and
{calico bush}. See {Kalmia}.

{Mountain leather} (Min.), a variety of asbestus, resembling
leather in its texture.

{Mountain licorice} (Bot.), a plant of the genus {Trifolium}
({Trifolium Alpinum}).

{Mountain limestone} (Geol.), a series of marine limestone
strata below the coal measures, and above the old red
standstone of Great Britain. See Chart of {Geology}.

{Mountain linnet} (Zo["o]l.), the twite.

{Mountain magpie}. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) The yaffle, or green woodpecker.
(b) The European gray shrike.

{Mountain mahogany} (Bot.) See under {Mahogany}.

{Mountain meal} (Min.), a light powdery variety of calcite,
occurring as an efflorescence.

{Mountain milk} (Min.), a soft spongy variety of carbonate of
lime.

{Mountain mint}. (Bot.) See {Mint}.

{Mountain ousel} (Zo["o]l.), the ring ousel; -- called also
{mountain thrush} and {mountain colley}. See {Ousel}.

{Mountain pride}, or {Mountain green} (Bot.), a tree of
Jamaica ({Spathelia simplex}), which has an unbranched
palmlike stem, and a terminal cluster of large, pinnate
leaves.

{Mountain quail} (Zo["o]l.), the plumed partridge ({Oreortyx
pictus}) of California. It has two long, slender,
plumelike feathers on the head. The throat and sides are
chestnut; the belly is brown with transverse bars of black
and white; the neck and breast are dark gray.

{Mountain range}, a series of mountains closely related in
position and direction.

{Mountain rice}. (Bot.)
(a) An upland variety of rice, grown without irrigation,
in some parts of Asia, Europe, and the United States.
(b) An American genus of grasses ({Oryzopsis}).

{Mountain rose} (Bot.), a species of rose with solitary
flowers, growing in the mountains of Europe ({Rosa
alpina}).

{Mountain soap} (Min.), a soft earthy mineral, of a brownish
color, used in crayon painting; saxonite.

{Mountain sorrel} (Bot.), a low perennial plant ({Oxyria
digyna} with rounded kidney-form leaves, and small
greenish flowers, found in the White Mountains of New
Hampshire, and in high northern latitudes. --Gray.

{Mountain sparrow} (Zo["o]l.), the European tree sparrow.

{Mountain spinach}. (Bot.) See {Orach}.

{Mountain tobacco} (Bot.), a composite plant ({Arnica
montana}) of Europe; called also {leopard's bane}.

{Mountain witch} (Zo["o]l.), a ground pigeon of Jamaica, of
the genus {Geotrygon}.


Barometer \Ba*rom"e*ter\, n. [Gr. ba`ros weight + -meter: cf. F.
barom[`e]tre.]
An instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the
atmosphere, and hence for judging of the probable changes of
weather, or for ascertaining the height of any ascent.

Note: The barometer was invented by Torricelli at Florence
about 1643. It is made in its simplest form by filling
a graduated glass tube about 34 inches long with
mercury and inverting it in a cup containing mercury.
The column of mercury in the tube descends until
balanced by the weight of the atmosphere, and its rise
or fall under varying conditions is a measure of the
change in the atmospheric pressure. At the sea level
its ordinary height is about 30 inches (760
millimeters). See {Sympiesometer}. --Nichol.

{Aneroid barometer}. See {Aneroid barometer}, under
{Aneroid}.

{Marine barometer}, a barometer with tube contracted at
bottom to prevent rapid oscillations of the mercury, and
suspended in gimbals from an arm or support on shipboard.


{Mountain barometer}, a portable mercurial barometer with
tripod support, and long scale, for measuring heights.

{Siphon barometer}, a barometer having a tube bent like a
hook with the longer leg closed at the top. The height of
the mercury in the longer leg shows the pressure of the
atmosphere.

{Wheel barometer}, a barometer with recurved tube, and a
float, from which a cord passes over a pulley and moves an
index.