磁性流体

Fluid \Flu"id\, n.
A fluid substance; a body whose particles move easily among
themselves.

Note: Fluid is a generic term, including liquids and gases as
species. Water, air, and steam are fluids. By analogy,
the term was sometimes applied to electricity and
magnetism, as in phrases electric fluid, magnetic
fluid, though not strictly appropriate; such usage has
disappeared.
[1913 Webster +PJC]

{Fluid dram}, or {Fluid drachm}, a measure of capacity equal
to one eighth of a fluid ounce.

{Fluid ounce}.
(a) In the United States, a measure of capacity, in
apothecaries' or wine measure, equal to one sixteenth of
a pint or 29.57 cubic centimeters. This, for water, is
about 1.04158 ounces avoirdupois, or 455.6 grains.
(b) In England, a measure of capacity equal to the twentieth
part of an imperial pint. For water, this is the weight
of the avoirdupois ounce, or 437.5 grains.

{Fluids of the body}. (Physiol.) The circulating blood and
lymph, the chyle, the gastric, pancreatic, and intestinal
juices, the saliva, bile, urine, aqueous humor, and muscle
serum are the more important fluids of the body. The
tissues themselves contain a large amount of combined
water, so much, that an entire human body dried in vacuo
with a very moderate degree of heat gives about 66 per
cent of water.

{Burning fluid}, {Elastic fluid}, {Electric fluid}, {Magnetic
fluid}, etc. See under {Burning}, {Elastic}, etc.


Magnetic \Mag*net"ic\, Magnetical \Mag*net"ic*al\, a. [L.
magneticus: cf. F. magn['e]tique.]
1. Pertaining to the magnet; possessing the properties of the
magnet, or corresponding properties; as, a magnetic bar of
iron; a magnetic needle.

2. Of or pertaining to, or characterized by, the earth's
magnetism; as, the magnetic north; the magnetic meridian.

3. Capable of becoming a magnet; susceptible to magnetism;
as, the magnetic metals.

4. Endowed with extraordinary personal power to excite the
feelings and to win the affections; attractive; inducing
attachment.

She that had all magnetic force alone. --Donne.

5. Having, susceptible to, or induced by, animal magnetism,
so called; hypnotic; as, a magnetic sleep. See
{Magnetism}. [Archaic]
[1913 Webster +PJC]

{Magnetic amplitude}, {attraction}, {dip}, {induction}, etc.
See under {Amplitude}, {Attraction}, etc.

{Magnetic battery}, a combination of bar or horseshoe magnets
with the like poles adjacent, so as to act together with
great power.

{Magnetic compensator}, a contrivance connected with a ship's
compass for compensating or neutralizing the effect of the
iron of the ship upon the needle.

{Magnetic curves}, curves indicating lines of magnetic force,
as in the arrangement of iron filings between the poles of
a powerful magnet.

{Magnetic elements}.
(a) (Chem. Physics) Those elements, as iron, nickel,
cobalt, chromium, manganese, etc., which are capable
or becoming magnetic.
(b) (Physics) In respect to terrestrial magnetism, the
declination, inclination, and intensity.
(c) See under {Element}.

{Magnetic fluid}, the hypothetical fluid whose existence was
formerly assumed in the explanations of the phenomena of
magnetism; -- no longer considered a meaningful concept.


{Magnetic iron}, or {Magnetic iron ore}. (Min.) Same as
{Magnetite}.

{Magnetic needle}, a slender bar of steel, magnetized and
suspended at its center on a sharp-pointed pivot, or by a
delicate fiber, so that it may take freely the direction
of the magnetic meridian. It constitutes the essential
part of a compass, such as the mariner's and the
surveyor's.

{Magnetic poles}, the two points in the opposite polar
regions of the earth at which the direction of the dipping
needle is vertical.

{Magnetic pyrites}. See {Pyrrhotite}.

{Magnetic storm} (Terrestrial Physics), a disturbance of the
earth's magnetic force characterized by great and sudden
changes.

{Magnetic telegraph}, a telegraph acting by means of a
magnet. See {Telegraph}.