hold的过去式和过去分词

[ adj ]
occupied or in the control of; often used in combination
<adj.ppl>
enemy-held territory

Hold \Hold\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Held}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Holding}. {Holden}, p. p., is obs. in elegant writing,
though still used in legal language.] [OE. haldan, D. houden,
OHG. hoten, Icel. halda, Dan. holde, Sw. h[*a]lla, Goth.
haldan to feed, tend (the cattle); of unknown origin. Gf.
{Avast}, {Halt}, {Hod}.]
1. To cause to remain in a given situation, position, or
relation, within certain limits, or the like; to prevent
from falling or escaping; to sustain; to restrain; to keep
in the grasp; to retain.

The loops held one curtain to another. --Ex. xxxvi.
12.

Thy right hand shall hold me. --Ps. cxxxix.
10.

They all hold swords, being expert in war. --Cant.
iii. 8.

In vain he seeks, that having can not hold.
--Spenser.

France, thou mayst hold a serpent by the tongue, . .
.
A fasting tiger safer by the tooth,
Than keep in peace that hand which thou dost hold.
--Shak.

2. To retain in one's keeping; to maintain possession of, or
authority over; not to give up or relinquish; to keep; to
defend.

We mean to hold what anciently we claim
Of deity or empire. --Milton.

3. To have; to possess; to be in possession of; to occupy; to
derive title to; as, to hold office.

This noble merchant held a noble house. --Chaucer.

Of him to hold his seigniory for a yearly tribute.
--Knolles.

And now the strand, and now the plain, they held.
--Dryden.

4. To impose restraint upon; to limit in motion or action; to
bind legally or morally; to confine; to restrain.

We can not hold mortality's strong hand. --Shak.

Death! what do'st? O, hold thy blow. --Grashaw.

He had not sufficient judgment and self-command to
hold his tongue. --Macaulay.

5. To maintain in being or action; to carry on; to prosecute,
as a course of conduct or an argument; to continue; to
sustain.

Hold not thy peace, and be not still. --Ps. lxxxiii.
1.

Seedtime and harvest, heat and hoary frost,
Shall hold their course. --Milton.

6. To prosecute, have, take, or join in, as something which
is the result of united action; as to, hold a meeting, a
festival, a session, etc.; hence, to direct and bring
about officially; to conduct or preside at; as, the
general held a council of war; a judge holds a court; a
clergyman holds a service.

I would hold more talk with thee. --Shak.

7. To receive and retain; to contain as a vessel; as, this
pail holds milk; hence, to be able to receive and retain;
to have capacity or containing power for.

Broken cisterns that can hold no water. --Jer. ii.
13.

One sees more devils than vast hell can hold.
--Shak.

8. To accept, as an opinion; to be the adherent of, openly or
privately; to persist in, as a purpose; to maintain; to
sustain.

Stand fast and hold the traditions which ye have
been taught. --2 Thes.
ii.15.

But still he held his purpose to depart. --Dryden.

9. To consider; to regard; to esteem; to account; to think;
to judge.

I hold him but a fool. --Shak.

I shall never hold that man my friend. --Shak.

The Lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh his
name in vain. --Ex. xx. 7.

10. To bear, carry, or manage; as he holds himself erect; he
holds his head high.

Let him hold his fingers thus. --Shak.

{To hold a wager}, to lay or hazard a wager. --Swift.

{To hold forth},
(a) v. t.to offer; to exhibit; to propose; to put
forward. ``The propositions which books hold forth
and pretend to teach.'' --Locke.
(b) v. i. To talk at length; to harangue.

{To held in}, to restrain; to curd.

{To hold in hand}, to toy with; to keep in expectation; to
have in one's power. [Obs.]

O, fie! to receive favors, return falsehoods,
And hold a lady in hand. --Beaw. & Fl.

{To hold in play}, to keep under control; to dally with.
--Macaulay.

{To hold off}, to keep at a distance.

{To hold on}, to hold in being, continuance or position; as,
to hold a rider on.

{To hold one's day}, to keep one's appointment. [Obs.]
--Chaucer.

{To hold one's own}. To keep good one's present condition
absolutely or relatively; not to fall off, or to lose
ground; as, a ship holds her own when she does not lose
ground in a race or chase; a man holds his own when he
does not lose strength or weight.

{To hold one's peace}, to keep silence.

{To hold out}.
(a) To extend; to offer. ``Fortune holds out these to you
as rewards.'' --B. Jonson.
(b) To continue to do or to suffer; to endure. ``He can
not long hold out these pangs.'' --Shak.

{To hold up}.
(a) To raise; to lift; as, hold up your head.
(b) To support; to sustain. ``He holds himself up in
virtue.''--Sir P. Sidney.
(c) To exhibit; to display; as, he was held up as an
example.
(d) To rein in; to check; to halt; as, hold up your
horses.
(e) to rob, usually at gunpoint; -- often with the demand
to ``hold up'' the hands.
(f) To delay.

{To hold water}.
(a) Literally, to retain water without leaking; hence
(Fig.), to be whole, sound, consistent, without gaps
or holes; -- commonly used in a negative sense; as,
his statements will not hold water. [Colloq.]
(b) (Naut.) To hold the oars steady in the water, thus
checking the headway of a boat.


Held \Held\,
imp. & p. p. of {Hold}.