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 constraint [kən'strent]   添加此单词到默认生词本
n. 强制, 约束

[计] 约束


  1. Not in confinement or under constraint; free.
    自由不受约束的或不受限制的;自由的
  2. Soon tired of the constraint of military life.
    很快厌倦了军事生活的约束
  3. He did this under constraint.
    他在拘束之下做这件事情。


constraint
[ noun ]
  1. the state of being physically constrained

  2. <noun.state>
    dogs should be kept under restraint
  3. a device that retards something's motion

  4. <noun.artifact>
    the car did not have proper restraints fitted
  5. the act of constraining; the threat or use of force to control the thoughts or behavior of others

  6. <noun.act>


Constraint \Con*straint"\, n. [OF. constrainte, F. constrainte.]
The act of constraining, or the state of being constrained;
that which compels to, or restrains from, action; compulsion;
restraint; necessity.

Long imprisonment and hard constraint. --Spenser.

Not by constraint, but by my choice, I came. --Dryden.

Syn: Compulsion; violence; necessity; urgency.

Usage: {Constraint}, {Compulsion}. Constraint implies strong
binding force; as, the constraint of necessity; the
constraint of fear. Compulsion implies the exertion of
some urgent impelling force; as, driven by compulsion.
The former prevents us from acting agreeably to our
wishes; the latter forces us to act contrary to our
will. Compulsion is always produced by some active
agent; a constraint may be laid upon us by the forms
of civil society, or by other outward circumstances.
--Crabb.

  1. Money from this fund is lent first to the government of Pakistan and then passed on to the project in a back-to-back transaction to get round the constraint on private sector lending by the bank. That also helped reduce the need for outside equity.
  2. This constraint was imposed not by the Federal Reserve System but by the federal government's red-ink budget policy.
  3. It simply does not reflect any real, operative constraint.
  4. In the earlier survey, just 45 per cent saw management capability as a serious constraint for small societies. The latest survey shows disenchantment with estate agency.
  5. After a decade in which ideologically inclined governments have removed one constraint on markets after another, political and economic power has shifted between different groups within society.
  6. Two-thirds of those who do not carry out community work say they would like to. The main constraint cited is lack of time, particularly among younger managers.
  7. Although it is logically correct, it seems absurd to believe that all consumers think through the implications of the government budget constraint for their future tax liabilities.
  8. The only capacity constraint to emerge has been in the warehouse and Pounds 9m will be invested over two years on a new one near Birmingham which will more than double annual capital spending.
  9. Technicalities could make it possible to have a symmetrical constraint on surplus countries as well as on deficit countries.
  10. For Francisco Luzon, Argentaria's chairman, the big constraint was the risk of losing credibility, less than a year after launching Argentaria on the stock markets.
  11. Given the ERM constraint on monetary policy, a greater fiscal boost than that tacitly attempted by Mr Lamont could even be justified.
  12. His reluctance to use it on last year's continuing resolution is understandable because of the time constraint of shutting down the government.
  13. The other constraint is Mexico's constitution, which still reserves ownership and distribution of many public services to the state.
  14. Battery strength is a major constraint on hand-held models.
  15. While the reforms may seem a constraint to the bankers, some Moroccan companies have traditionally found it cheaper to finance themselves through debt, leading to an undesirable capital structure.
  16. Few face the constraint of California, where a spending limitation approved by the voters eight years ago has kicked in now that the state is flush with tax revenue.
  17. Lawyers for Mr. Milken took issue with the government's entire memorandum, saying that it was "written without regard to legal or factual constraint, seemingly to appeal to the public and to pressure the Court" to issue a stringent sentence.
  18. Hong Kong's government is also beginning to tackle another supply-side constraint which has contributed to asset price inflation - the shortage of land. Even Mr Perkin accepts that there is very little chance of the policy being changed.
  19. While the formal constraint has gone, the company hardly has net worth to burn.
  20. Inflation, currently at an annualised rate of about 1.5 per cent, poses little constraint.
  21. Some say the Fed's constraint saved the economy.
  22. "The judge's deadline is the primary constraint.
  23. Another constraint is a shortage of land. Surrounding countries with lower wage rates are challenging the island republic's export competitiveness.
  24. One senior official said the U.S. must show more constraint due to far less congressional support for bombing Iran, the more extensive and dangerous Iranian-sponsored terrorist network and the geopolitical importance of Iran.
  25. "We will look at all the changes that have occurred since the flight readiness review, and we will report on the closure of the launch constraint items," he said. "We will start looking at things like weather.
  26. He urged trade unions and employers to accept pay constraint.
  27. Education can be highly effective when lack of knowledge is a constraint; it fares less well when the problem is a lack of motivation.
  28. It would do so by protecting state anti-takeover laws in a fashion that virtually ensures that state law will become the binding constraint on interstate commerce in the securities of nationally traded corporations subject to takeover bids.
  29. But the political difficulties of higher prices, lower real wages for workers and higher taxes were great. Marshall aid, while modest, eased the fiscal constraint facing national governments and made it easier to mollify fractious interest groups.
  30. Another sign of growing constraint, not reflected in the lagging indicators, is a recent drop in what economists call real M2, an inflation-adjusted measure of the money supply.
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