a. 年轻而无经验的, (鸟)羽毛未丰的

[机] 无羽毛的

[ adj ]
young and inexperienced
<adj.all>
a fledgling enterprisea fledgling skier
an unfledged lawyer

Callow \Cal"low\, a. [OE. calewe, calu, bald, AS. calu; akin to
D. kaal, OHG. chalo, G. Kuhl; cf. L. calvus.]
1. Destitute of feathers; naked; unfledged.

An in the leafy summit, spied a nest,
Which, o'er the callow young, a sparrow pressed.
--Dryden.

2. Immature; boyish; ``green''; as, a callow youth.

I perceive by this, thou art but a callow maid.
--Old Play
[1675].


Callow \Cal*low"\, n. (Zo["o]l.) [Named from its note.]
A kind of duck. See {Old squaw}.

Old \Old\, a. [Compar. {Older}; superl. {Oldest}.] [OE. old,
ald, AS. ald, eald; akin to D. oud, OS. ald, OFries. ald,
old, G. alt, Goth. alpeis, and also to Goth. alan to grow up,
Icel. ala to bear, produce, bring up, L. alere to nourish.
Cf. {Adult}, {Alderman}, {Aliment}, {Auld}, {Elder}.]
1. Not young; advanced far in years or life; having lived
till toward the end of the ordinary term of living; as, an
old man; an old age; an old horse; an old tree.

Let not old age disgrace my high desire. --Sir P.
Sidney.

The melancholy news that we grow old. --Young.

2. Not new or fresh; not recently made or produced; having
existed for a long time; as, old wine; an old friendship.
``An old acquaintance.'' --Camden.

3. Formerly existing; ancient; not modern; preceding;
original; as, an old law; an old custom; an old promise.
``The old schools of Greece.'' --Milton. ``The character
of the old Ligurians.'' --Addison.

4. Continued in life; advanced in the course of existence;
having (a certain) length of existence; -- designating the
age of a person or thing; as, an infant a few hours old; a
cathedral centuries old.

And Pharaoh said unto Jacob, How old art thou?
--Cen. xlvii.
8.

Note: In this use old regularly follows the noun that
designates the age; as, she was eight years old.

5. Long practiced; hence, skilled; experienced; cunning; as,
an old offender; old in vice.

Vane, young in years, but in sage counsel old.
--Milton.

6. Long cultivated; as, an old farm; old land, as opposed to
{new} land, that is, to land lately cleared.

7. Worn out; weakened or exhausted by use; past usefulness;
as, old shoes; old clothes.

8. More than enough; abundant. [Obs.]

If a man were porter of hell gate, he should have
old turning the key. --Shak.

9. Aged; antiquated; hence, wanting in the mental vigor or
other qualities belonging to youth; -- used disparagingly
as a term of reproach.

10. Old-fashioned; wonted; customary; as of old; as, the good
old times; hence, colloquially, gay; jolly.

11. Used colloquially as a term of cordiality and
familiarity. ``Go thy ways, old lad.'' --Shak.

{Old age}, advanced years; the latter period of life.

{Old bachelor}. See {Bachelor}, 1.

{Old Catholics}. See under {Catholic}.

{Old English}. See under {English}. n., 2.

{Old Nick}, {Old Scratch}, the devil.

{Old lady} (Zo["o]l.), a large European noctuid moth ({Mormo
maura}).

{Old maid}.
(a) A woman, somewhat advanced in years, who has never
been married; a spinster.
(b) (Bot.) A West Indian name for the pink-flowered
periwinkle ({Vinca rosea}).
(c) A simple game of cards, played by matching them. The
person with whom the odd card is left is the old
maid.

{Old man's beard}. (Bot.)
(a) The traveler's joy ({Clematis Vitalba}). So named
from the abundant long feathery awns of its fruit.
(b) The {Tillandsia usneoides}. See {Tillandsia}.

{Old man's head} (Bot.), a columnar cactus ({Pilocereus
senilis}), native of Mexico, covered towards the top with
long white hairs.

{Old red sandstone} (Geol.), a series of red sandstone rocks
situated below the rocks of the Carboniferous age and
comprising various strata of siliceous sandstones and
conglomerates. See {Sandstone}, and the Chart of
{Geology}.

{Old school}, a school or party belonging to a former time,
or preserving the character, manner, or opinions of a
former time; as, a gentleman of the old school; -- used
also adjectively; as, Old-School Presbyterians.

{Old sledge}, an old and well-known game of cards, called
also {all fours}, and {high, low, Jack, and the game}.

{Old squaw} (Zo["o]l.), a duck ({Clangula hyemalis})
inhabiting the northern parts of both hemispheres. The
adult male is varied with black and white and is
remarkable for the length of its tail. Called also
{longtailed duck}, {south southerly}, {callow}, {hareld},
and {old wife}.

{Old style}. (Chron.) See the Note under {Style}.

{Old Testament}. See {Old Testament} under {Testament}, and
see {tanak}.

{Old wife}. [In the senses
b and
c written also {oldwife}.]
(a) A prating old woman; a gossip.

Refuse profane and old wives' fables. --1 Tim.
iv. 7.
(b) (Zo["o]l.) The local name of various fishes, as the
European black sea bream ({Cantharus lineatus}), the
American alewife, etc.
(c) (Zo["o]l.) A duck; the old squaw.

{Old World}, the Eastern Hemisphere.

Syn: Aged; ancient; pristine; primitive; antique; antiquated;
old-fashioned; obsolete. See {Ancient}.