[计] 任意常数

Constant \Con"stant\, n.
1. That which is not subject to change; that which is
invariable.

2. (Math.) A quantity that does not change its value; -- used
in countradistinction to {variable}.

3. (Astron.) A number whose value, when ascertained (as by
observation) and substituted in a general mathematical
formula expressing an astronomical law, completely
determines that law and enables predictions to be made of
its effect in particular cases.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

4. (Physics) A number expressing some property or condition
of a substance or of an instrument of precision; as, the
dielectric constant of quartz; the collimation constant of
a transit instrument.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

5. (Computers) a data structure that does not change during
the course of execution of a program. It may be a number,
a string, or a more complex data structure; -- contrasted
with {variable}.
[PJC]

{Aberration constant}, or {Constant of aberration} (Astron.),
a number which by substitution in the general formula for
aberration enables a prediction to be made of the effect
of aberration on a star anywhere situated. Its value is
20[sec].47.

{Absolute constant} (Math.), one whose value is absolutely
the same under all circumstances, as the number 10, or any
numeral.

{Arbitrary constant}, an undetermined constant in a
differential equation having the same value during all
changes in the values of the variables.

{Gravitation constant} (Physics), the acceleration per unit
of time produced by the attraction of a unit of mass at
unit distance. When this is known the acceleration
produced at any distance can be calculated.

{Solar constant} (Astron.), the quantity of heat received by
the earth from the sun in a unit of time. It is, on the C.
G. S. system, 0.0417 small calories per square centimeter
per second. --Young. [Webster 1913 Suppl.]

{Constant of integration} (Math.), an undetermined constant
added to every result of integration.
[1913 Webster + Webster 1913 Suppl.]


Arbitrary \Ar"bi*tra*ry\, a. [L. arbitrarius, fr. arbiter: cf.
F. arbitraire. See {Arbiter}.]
1. Depending on will or discretion; not governed by any fixed
rules; as, an arbitrary decision; an arbitrary punishment.

It was wholly arbitrary in them to do so. --Jer.
Taylor.

Rank pretends to fix the value of every one, and is
the most arbitrary of all things. --Landor.

2. Exercised according to one's own will or caprice, and
therefore conveying a notion of a tendency to abuse the
possession of power.

Arbitrary power is most easily established on the
ruins of liberty abused licentiousness.
--Washington.

3. Despotic; absolute in power; bound by no law; harsh and
unforbearing; tyrannical; as, an arbitrary prince or
government. --Dryden.

{Arbitrary constant}, {Arbitrary function} (Math.), a
quantity of function that is introduced into the solution
of a problem, and to which any value or form may at will
be given, so that the solution may be made to meet special
requirements.

{Arbitrary quantity} (Math.), one to which any value can be
assigned at pleasure.