n. 胆汁, 五倍子, 苦味, 肿痛, 恼怒, 磨损处

vt. 烦恼, 屈辱, 磨伤

vi. 被磨伤

[化] ┢子; 五倍子; 没食子; 胆汁

[医] 胆汁, 没食子

Gall \Gall\ (g[add]l), n.[OE. galle, gal, AS. gealla; akin to D.
gal, OS. & OHG. galla, Icel. gall, SW. galla, Dan. galde, L.
fel, Gr. ?, and prob. to E. yellow. [root]49. See {Yellow},
and cf. {Choler}]
1. (Physiol.) The bitter, alkaline, viscid fluid found in the
gall bladder, beneath the liver. It consists of the
secretion of the liver, or bile, mixed with that of the
mucous membrane of the gall bladder.

2. The gall bladder.

3. Anything extremely bitter; bitterness; rancor.

He hath . . . compassed me with gall and travail.
--Lam. iii. 5.

Comedy diverted without gall. --Dryden.

4. Impudence; brazen assurance. [Slang]

{Gall bladder} (Anat.), the membranous sac, in which the
bile, or gall, is stored up, as secreted by the liver; the
cholecystis. See Illust. of Digestive apparatus.

{Gall duct}, a duct which conveys bile, as the cystic duct,
or the hepatic duct.

{Gall sickness}, a remitting bilious fever in the
Netherlands. --Dunglison.

{Gall of the earth} (Bot.), an herbaceous composite plant
with variously lobed and cleft leaves, usually the
{Prenanthes serpentaria}.


Gall \Gall\ (g[add]l), n. [F. galle, noix de galle, fr. L.
galla.] (Zo["o]l.)
An excrescence of any form produced on any part of a plant by
insects or their larvae. They are most commonly caused by
small Hymenoptera and Diptera which puncture the bark and lay
their eggs in the wounds. The larvae live within the galls.
Some galls are due to aphids, mites, etc. See {Gallnut}.

Note: The galls, or gallnuts, of commerce are produced by
insects of the genus {Cynips}, chiefly on an oak
({Quercus infectoria} syn. {Quercus Lusitanica}) of
Western Asia and Southern Europe. They contain much
tannin, and are used in the manufacture of that article
and for making ink and a black dye, as well as in
medicine.

{Gall insect} (Zo["o]l.), any insect that produces galls.

{Gall midge} (Zo["o]l.), any small dipterous insect that
produces galls.

{Gall oak}, the oak ({Quercus infectoria}) which yields the
galls of commerce.

{Gall of glass}, the neutral salt skimmed off from the
surface of melted crown glass;- called also {glass gall}
and {sandiver}. --Ure.

{Gall wasp}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Gallfly}.


Gall \Gall\, v. i.
To scoff; to jeer. [R.] --Shak.


Gall \Gall\, n.
A wound in the skin made by rubbing.


Gall \Gall\, v. t. (Dyeing)
To impregnate with a decoction of gallnuts. --Ure.


Gall \Gall\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Galled} (g[add]ld); p. pr. &
vb. n. {Galling}.] [OE. gallen; cf. F. galer to scratch, rub,
gale scurf, scab, G. galle a disease in horses' feet, an
excrescence under the tongue of horses; of uncertain origin.
Cf. {Gall} gallnut.]
1. To fret and wear away by friction; to hurt or break the
skin of by rubbing; to chafe; to injure the surface of by
attrition; as, a saddle galls the back of a horse; to gall
a mast or a cable.

I am loth to gall a new-healed wound. --Shak.

2. To fret; to vex; as, to be galled by sarcasm.

They that are most galled with my folly,
They most must laugh. --Shak.

3. To injure; to harass; to annoy; as, the troops were galled
by the shot of the enemy.

In our wars against the French of old, we used to
gall them with our longbows, at a greater distance
than they could shoot their arrows. --Addison.